[시사 영어 Reading #1] Global Efforts to Combat Climate Change

Global Efforts to Combat Climate Change

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our world today. Rising global temperatures, melting polar ice caps, and increasing frequency of extreme weather events are clear indicators of this phenomenon. In response, countries around the globe are taking significant steps to address and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

In 2015, the Paris Agreement was adopted by 196 countries, aiming to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. This landmark accord emphasizes the need for global cooperation in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Nations committed to submitting nationally determined contributions (NDCs) outlining their plans to reduce emissions and adapt to climate impacts.

Renewable energy has become a focal point in the fight against climate change. Countries are investing heavily in solar, wind, and hydroelectric power to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. For instance, Germany's Energiewende policy aims to transition the country to a more sustainable energy system, with a significant increase in renewable energy production. Similarly, South Korea has announced its Green New Deal, focusing on expanding renewable energy infrastructure and creating green jobs.

In addition to national efforts, international collaborations are playing a crucial role. The United Nations hosts annual climate conferences, known as COP (Conference of the Parties), where countries negotiate agreements and share strategies. The recent COP26 in Glasgow highlighted the urgency of accelerating climate action, with countries pledging to phase out coal and reduce methane emissions.

Public awareness and activism have also surged, with movements like Fridays for Future, led by young activists such as Greta Thunberg, demanding stronger action from governments and corporations. These movements have been instrumental in bringing climate issues to the forefront of public discourse.

Despite these efforts, challenges remain. Economic dependencies on fossil fuels, political disagreements, and the varying capacities of countries to implement changes hinder progress. However, the collective global endeavor to combat climate change continues, driven by the shared understanding that the health of our planet is paramount.

---

Comprehension Questions:

1. What was the main goal of the Paris Agreement adopted in 2015?
2. Name two renewable energy sources mentioned in the text.
3. Which country's policy is referred to as "Energiewende"?
4. What is the focus of South Korea's Green New Deal?
5. What do the annual United Nations climate conferences aim to achieve?
6. Who is Greta Thunberg, and what movement is she associated with?
7. List two challenges mentioned that hinder progress in combating climate change.
8. What significant pledges were made during COP26 in Glasgow?
9. How have public awareness and activism influenced climate action?
10. Why is global cooperation essential in addressing climate change?